CISCO IPv6学习笔记02

r2(config)#ipv6 prefix-list abc permit 3002:1:1:11::/64

r2(config)#ipv6 router rip ccie

r2(config-rtr)#distribute-list prefix-list abc in f0/0

注:ipv6的 prefix-list同样支持ge , le等关键字来匹配范围。

(2)查看过滤后的路由表情况

r2#show ipv6 route rip

IPv6 Routing Table – 7 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, R – RIP, B – BGP

       U – Per-user Static route

       I1 – ISIS L1, I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary

       O – OSPF intra, OI – OSPF inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

       D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external

R   3002:1:1:11::/64 [120/2]

     via FE80::C200:BFF:FE48:0, FastEthernet0/0

r2#

说明:路由表中只剩想要的网段,说明过滤成功。

IPv6 OSPF (OSPFv3)

OSPFv3与OSPFv2(IPv4 OSPF)的原理都是相同的,OSPFv3选举Router-ID的规则与OSPFv2相同,OSPFv3也是选择路由器上的IPv4地址作为Router-ID,如果设备上没有配置IPv4地址,那么必须手工指定Router-ID。在配置OSPFv3时,先配置进程,然后需要让哪些接口运行在OSPFv3下,就必须到相应的接口下明确指定,并不像OSPFv2那样在进程下通过network来发布。

配置OSPFv3

1.初始配置

(1)R1初始配置:

r1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing

r1(config)#interface f0/0

r1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2012:1:1:11::1/64

r1(config)#int loopback 1

r1(config-if)#ipv6 address 3011:1:1:11::1/64

r1(config)#int loopback 2               

r1(config-if)#ipv6 address 3011:1:1:12::1/64

r1(config)#int loopback 3               

r1(config-if)#ipv6 address 3011:1:1:13::1/64

(2)R2初始配置:

r2(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing

r2(config)#interface f0/0

r2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2012:1:1:11::2/64

r2(config)#interface s1/0

r2(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay  

r2(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp   

r2(config-if)#no arp frame-relay

r2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2023:1:1:11::2/64

r2(config-if)#frame-relay map ipv6 2023:1:1:11::3 203 broadcast

r2(config-if)#

(3)R3初始配置:

r3(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing

r3(config)#interface s1/0

r3(config-if)#encapsulation frame-relay

r3(config-if)#no frame-relay inverse-arp

r3(config-if)#no arp frame-relay

r3(config-if)#ipv6 address 2023:1:1:11::3/64

r3(config-if)#frame-relay map ipv6 2023:1:1:11::2 302 broadcast

2.启动OSPFv3进程

(1)启动R1的OSPFv3进程

r1(config)#ipv6 router ospf 2

r1(config-rtr)#router-id 1.1.1.1

说明:由于没有配置IPv4地址,所以必须手工配置Router-ID

(2)启动R2的OSPFv3进程

r2(config)#ipv6 router ospf 2

r2(config-rtr)#router-id 2.2.2.2

(3)启动R3的OSPFv3进程

r3(config)#ipv6 router ospf 2

r3(config-rtr)#router-id 3.3.3.3

3.配置OSPFv3接口

(1)将R1上的接口放进OSPFv3进程

r1(config)#int f0/0

r1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 2 area 0

r1(config)#int loopback 1

r1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 2 area 0

(2)将R2上的接口放进OSPFv3进程

r2(config)#int f0/0

r2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 2 area 0

r2(config)#int s1/0

r2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 2 area 1

(3)将R3上的接口放进OSPFv3进程

r3(config)#int s1/0

r3(config-if)#ipv6 ospf 2 area 1   

4.查看OSPFv3邻居

(1)查看r1邻居:

r1#show ipv6 ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Interface ID    Interface

2.2.2.2           1   FULL/BDR        00:00:39    4               FastEthernet0/0

r1#

说明:R1与R2的OSPFv3邻居正常。

(2)查看r2邻居:

r2#show ipv6 ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Interface ID    Interface

1.1.1.1           1   FULL/DR         00:00:35    4               FastEthernet0/0

r2#

说明:R2与R2的OSPFv3邻居正常,但与R3的邻居没有。

(3)(3)查看r3邻居:

r3#show ipv6 ospf neighbor

r3#

说明:R3没有OSPFv3邻居。

5.解决OSPFv3邻居问题

说明:由于R2与R3之间属于NBMA非广播网络,所以无法自动建邻居,要解决邻居问题,有两种方法:第一,手工指定邻居,在指定时,只须在一方指定即可,并且OSPFv3在手工指定邻居时,需要到接口下指定而不是在进程下指定,并且指定的为对方链路本地地址。第二,将网络类型从非广播网络类型改为允许广播的网络类型,如改为Point-to-point类型。

(1)查看R3连R2接口的链路本地地址

r3#show ipv6 interface brief s1/0

Serial1/0                  [up/up]

    FE80::C200:DFF:FEAC:0

    2023:1:1:11::3

r3#

(2)在R2上指定R3为邻居,在接口下指定对方的链路本地地址

r2(config)#int s1/0

r2(config-if)#ipv6 ospf neighbor FE80::C200:DFF:FEAC:0

r2(config-if)#

(3)测试R2到R3接口链路本地地址的连通性

r2#ping FE80::C200:DFF:FEAC:0

Output Interface: Serial1/0

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to FE80::C200:DFF:FEAC:0, timeout is 2 seconds:

Packet sent with a source address of FE80::C200:BFF:FE94:0

…..

Success rate is 0 percent (0/5)

r2#

说明:由于指定邻居时,指定为对方接口的链路本地地址,所以双方接口的链路本地地址不通,邻居将仍然不能建立。

(4)解决帧中继网络下双方接口的链路本地地址的PVC映射

注:必须互相映射

R2:

r2(config)#int s1/0

r2(config-if)#fram map ipv6 FE80::C200:DFF:FEAC:0 203 broadcast

R3:

R3(config)#int s1/0

R3config-if)#fram map ipv6 FE80::C200:BFF:FE94:0 302 broadcast

(5)查看邻居

r3#show ipv6 ospf neighbor

Neighbor ID     Pri   State           Dead Time   Interface ID    Interface

2.2.2.2           1   FULL/BDR        00:01:42    6               Serial1/0

r3#

说明:由于已经手工指定邻居,并且也映射了双方的链路本地地址,所以邻居成功建立。

6.查看OSPFv3路由

(1)在R1上查看OSPFv3路由

r1#sh ipv6 route ospf

IPv6 Routing Table – 11 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, R – RIP, B – BGP

       U – Per-user Static route

       I1 – ISIS L1, I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary

       O – OSPF intra, OI – OSPF inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

       D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external

OI  2023:1:1:11::/64 [110/74]

     via FE80::C200:BFF:FE94:0, FastEthernet0/0

r1#

说明:由于邻居已经全部正常建立,所以学习到了远程网络的路由条目。

(2)在R2上查看OSPFv3路由

r2#show ipv6 route ospf

IPv6 Routing Table – 7 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, R – RIP, B – BGP

       U – Per-user Static route

       I1 – ISIS L1, I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary

       O – OSPF intra, OI – OSPF inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

       D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external

O   3011:1:1:11::1/128 [110/10]

     via FE80::C200:AFF:FE28:0, FastEthernet0/0

r2#

说明:由于邻居已经全部正常建立,所以学习到了远程网络的路由条目。

(3)在R3上查看OSPFv3路由

r3#show ipv6 route ospf

IPv6 Routing Table – 6 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, R – RIP, B – BGP

       U – Per-user Static route

       I1 – ISIS L1, I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary

       O – OSPF intra, OI – OSPF inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

       D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external

OI  2012:1:1:11::/64 [110/74]

     via FE80::C200:BFF:FE94:0, Serial1/0

OI  3011:1:1:11::1/128 [110/74]

     via FE80::C200:BFF:FE94:0, Serial1/0

r3#

说明:由于邻居已经全部正常建立,所以学习到了远程网络的路由条目。

7.解决OSPFv3路由掩码问题

说明:由于学习到的路由中,属于loopback接口的网段原本为64位,而学习到的为128位,为主机路由,所以应让路由掩码与原来的掩码一致,需要将网络类型改为Point-to-point类型。

(1)在R1改loopback接口的网络类型改为Point-to-point

r1(config)#int loopback 1

r1(config-if)#ipv6 ospf network point-to-point

r1(config-if)#

(2)查看改后的路由情况

r2#show ipv6 route ospf

IPv6 Routing Table – 9 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, R – RIP, B – BGP

       U – Per-user Static route

       I1 – ISIS L1, I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary

       O – OSPF intra, OI – OSPF inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

       D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external

O   3011:1:1:11::/64 [110/11]

     via FE80::C200:AFF:FE28:0, FastEthernet0/0

r2#

说明:已经成功变成原来的掩码位数。

8.重分布IPv6网段

说明:将R1上的剩余网段重分布进OSPFv3

(1)在R1上配置重分布剩余网段进OSPFv3

r1(config)#route-map con permit 10

r1(config-route-map)#match interface loopback 2

r1(config-route-map)#exit

r1(config)#route-map con permit 20   

r1(config-route-map)#match interface loopback 3

r1(config-route-map)#exit

r1(config)#ipv6 router ospf 2

r1(config-rtr)#redistribute connected route-map con

(2)在R2上查看重分布进OSPFv3的剩余网段

r2#show ipv6 route ospf

IPv6 Routing Table – 9 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, R – RIP, B – BGP

       U – Per-user Static route

       I1 – ISIS L1, I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary

       O – OSPF intra, OI – OSPF inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

       D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external

O   3011:1:1:11::/64 [110/11]

     via FE80::C200:AFF:FE28:0, FastEthernet0/0

OE2  3011:1:1:12::/64 [110/20]

     via FE80::C200:AFF:FE28:0, FastEthernet0/0

OE2  3011:1:1:13::/64 [110/20]

     via FE80::C200:AFF:FE28:0, FastEthernet0/0

r2#

说明:可以看到,R1上的剩余网段成功被重分布进OSPFv3。

(3)在R3上查看重分布进OSPFv3的剩余网段

r3#show ipv6 route ospf

IPv6 Routing Table – 8 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, R – RIP, B – BGP

       U – Per-user Static route

       I1 – ISIS L1, I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary

       O – OSPF intra, OI – OSPF inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

       D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external

OI  2012:1:1:11::/64 [110/74]

     via FE80::C200:BFF:FE94:0, Serial1/0

OI  3011:1:1:11::/64 [110/75]

     via FE80::C200:BFF:FE94:0, Serial1/0

OE2  3011:1:1:12::/64 [110/20]

     via FE80::C200:BFF:FE94:0, Serial1/0

OE2  3011:1:1:13::/64 [110/20]

     via FE80::C200:BFF:FE94:0, Serial1/0

r3#

说明:可以看到,R1上的剩余网段成功被重分布进OSPFv3。

9.过滤IPv6路由

说明:在R3上过滤掉IPv6路由,只留想要的网段,使用distribute-list过滤

(1)配置只留3011打头的网段

r3(config)#ipv6 prefix-list abc permit 3011::/16 ge 64 le 64

r3(config)#ipv6 router ospf 2

r3(config-rtr)#distribute-list prefix-list abc in s1/0

(2)查看过滤后的路由表情况

r3#show ipv6 route ospf

IPv6 Routing Table – 7 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, R – RIP, B – BGP

       U – Per-user Static route

       I1 – ISIS L1, I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary

       O – OSPF intra, OI – OSPF inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

       D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external

OI  3011:1:1:11::/64 [110/75]

     via FE80::C200:BFF:FE94:0, Serial1/0

OE2  3011:1:1:12::/64 [110/20]

     via FE80::C200:BFF:FE94:0, Serial1/0

OE2  3011:1:1:13::/64 [110/20]

     via FE80::C200:BFF:FE94:0, Serial1/0

r3#

说明:路由表中只剩3011打头的网段了,说明过滤成功。

10.汇总OSPFv3外部路由

说明:对从外部重分布进OSPFv3的路由进行汇总,OSPF内的路由汇总,命令格式基本同IPv4,需要注意的是,汇总必须在重分布的路由器上配置,即必须在ASBR上配置。

(1)在ASBR(R1)上配置外部路由的汇总

说明:将3011:1:1:11::/64 ,3011:1:1:12::/64 ,3011:1:1:13::/64三条路由汇总成3011:1:1::/48  

r1(config)#ipv6 router ospf 2

r1(config-rtr)#summary-prefix 3011:1:1::/48              

r1(config-rtr)#

(2)在R2上查看汇总后的路由表情况

r2#show ipv6 route ospf

IPv6 Routing Table – 8 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, R – RIP, B – BGP

       U – Per-user Static route

       I1 – ISIS L1, I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary

       O – OSPF intra, OI – OSPF inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

       D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external

OE2  3011:1:1::/48 [110/20]

     via FE80::C200:AFF:FE28:0, FastEthernet0/0

O   3011:1:1:11::/64 [110/11]

     via FE80::C200:AFF:FE28:0, FastEthernet0/0

r2#

说明:可以看到,汇总成功。

IPv6 EIGRP (EIGRP v6)

EIGRP v6与IPv4 EIGRP的原理都是相同的,但是EIGRP v6必须有router-id才能运行,所以在EIGRP v6不能获得router-id时,请手工配置router-id;更多的是EIGRP v6进程有个shutdown的特性,要用no shutdown开启进程;在配置EIGRP v6时,先配置进程,然后需要让哪些接口运行在EIGRP v6下,就必须到相应的接口下明确指定,并不像IPv4 EIGRP那样通过network来发布。

       EIGRP hello时间默认是5秒一个,在低链路是60秒一个,比如NBMA,或者所有低于或等于T1的链路(1.544M)。Hold time是hello的三倍。

配置EIGRP v6

1.初始配置

(1)R1初始配置:

r1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing

r1(config)#int f0/0

r1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2012:1:1:11::1/64

r1(config)#int loopback 1

r1(config-if)#ipv6 address 3001:1:1:11::1/64

r1(config)#int loopback 2

r1(config-if)#ipv6 address 3002:1:1:11::1/64

r1(config)#int loopback 3

r1(config-if)#ipv6 address 3003:1:1:11::1/64

(2)R2初始配置:

r2(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing

r2(config)#int f0/0

r2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2012:1:1:11::2/64

r2(config)#int loopback 0

r2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2022:2:2:22::2/64

2.配置EIGRP v6进程

(1)在R1上启动EIGRP v6进程

r1(config)#ipv6 router eigrp 10

r1(config-rtr)#router-id 1.1.1.1

(2)在R1上启动EIGRP v6进程

r2(config)#ipv6 router eigrp 10

r2(config-rtr)#router-id 2.2.2.2

3.配置EIGRP v6接口

(1)将R1上的接口放进EIGRP v6进程

r1(config)#interface f0/0

r1(config-if)#ipv6 eigrp 10

r1(config)#int loopback 1

r1(config-if)#ipv6 eigrp 10

(2)将R2上的接口放进EIGRP v6进程

r2(config)#int f0/0

r2(config-if)#ipv6 eigrp 10

r2(config)#int loopback 0

r2(config-if)#ipv6 eigrp 10

(3)查看EIGRP v6邻居状态

r1#show ipv6 eigrp neighbors

IPv6-EIGRP neighbors for process 10

% EIGRP 10 is in SHUTDOWN

r1#

说明:从结果中看出,EIGRP v进程默认是shutdown的,必须手工开启。

(4)开启EIGRP v6进程

r1(config)#ipv6 router eigrp 10

r1(config-rtr)#no shutdown

(5)查看邻居

r1#show ipv6 eigrp neighbors

IPv6-EIGRP neighbors for process 10

H   Address                 Interface       Hold Uptime   SRTT   RTO  Q  Seq

                                            (sec)         (ms)       Cnt Num

0   Link-local address:     Fa0/0             11 00:00:36  192  1152  0  2

FE80::C200:AFF:FE50:0

说明:开启EIGRP v6进程后,邻居正常建立。

4.查看EIGRP v6路由

(1)查看R1的EIGRP v6路由

r1#show ipv6 route eigrp

IPv6 Routing Table – 11 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, R – RIP, B – BGP

       U – Per-user Static route

       I1 – ISIS L1, I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary

       O – OSPF intra, OI – OSPF inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

       D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external

D   2022:2:2:22::/64 [90/409600]

     via FE80::C200:AFF:FE50:0, FastEthernet0/0

r1#

说明:由于EIGRP v6配置正确,成功收到对方路由条目。

(2)查看R2的EIGRP v6路由

r2#sh ipv6 route eigrp

IPv6 Routing Table – 7 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, R – RIP, B – BGP

       U – Per-user Static route

       I1 – ISIS L1, I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary

       O – OSPF intra, OI – OSPF inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

       D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external

D   3001:1:1:11::/64 [90/409600]

     via FE80::C200:9FF:FE54:0, FastEthernet0/0

r2#

说明:由于EIGRP v6配置正确,成功收到对方路由条目。

5.重分布IPv6网段

说明:将R1上的剩余网段重分布进EIGRP v6

(1)在R1上配置重分布剩余网段进EIGRP v6

r1(config)#route-map con permit 10

r1(config-route-map)#match interface loopback 2

r1(config-route-map)#exit

r1(config)#route-map con permit 20   

r1(config-route-map)#match interface loopback 3

r1(config)#ipv6 router eigrp 10

r1(config-rtr)#redistribute connected route-map con

r1(config-rtr)#exit

(2)在R2上查看重分布进EIGRP v6的剩余网段

r2#sh ipv6 route eigrp

IPv6 Routing Table – 9 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, R – RIP, B – BGP

       U – Per-user Static route

       I1 – ISIS L1, I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary

       O – OSPF intra, OI – OSPF inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

       D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external

D   3001:1:1:11::/64 [90/409600]

     via FE80::C200:9FF:FE54:0, FastEthernet0/0

EX  3002:1:1:11::/64 [170/409600]

     via FE80::C200:9FF:FE54:0, FastEthernet0/0

EX  3003:1:1:11::/64 [170/409600]

     via FE80::C200:9FF:FE54:0, FastEthernet0/0

r2#

说明:可以看到,R1上的剩余网段成功被重分布进EIGRP v6。

6.过滤IPv6路由

说明:在R2上过滤掉IPv6路由,只留想要的网段,使用distribute-list过滤

(1)配置只留3002:1:1:11::/64网段

r2(config)#ipv6 prefix-list abc permit 3002:1:1:11::/64

r2(config)#ipv6 router eigrp 10

r2(config-rtr)#distribute-list prefix-list abc in f0/0

r2(config-rtr)#

(2)查看过滤后的路由表情况

r2#sh ipv6 route eigrp

IPv6 Routing Table – 7 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, R – RIP, B – BGP

       U – Per-user Static route

       I1 – ISIS L1, I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary

       O – OSPF intra, OI – OSPF inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

       D – EIGRP, EX – EIGRP external

EX  3002:1:1:11::/64 [170/409600]

     via FE80::C200:9FF:FE54:0, FastEthernet0/0

r2#

说明:路由表中只剩想要的网段,说明过滤成功。

IPv6 BGP

     普通情况下配置的BGP,是用来传递IPv4路由的,所传递的信息是IPv4的协议,如果要让BGP传递其它路由或协议,这就需要将BGP扩展为支持更多协议的BGP,如扩展BGP支持IPv6协议,支持vpnv4,这样的支持多协议的BGP,称为Multiprotocol BGP,即MP-BGP,

       要配置MP-BGP,就需要为除IPv4之外的协议单独创建address-family,但是建立BGP邻居和正常情况下一样,当邻居建立之后,还得到address-family下活动,这是MP-BGP的特性,而需要发布的网段,也需要到address-family下发布。传递单播IPv6的address-family应该是address-family ipv6 unicast,但关键字unicast如果省略,默认就是address-family ipv6 unicast。下面根据以上特征,来配置MP-BGP传递IPv6路由。

配置IPv6 MP-BGP

1.初始配置

(1)R1初始配置:

r1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing

r1(config)#int f0/0

r1(config-if)#ipv6 address 2012:1:1:11::1/64

r1(config)#int loopback 1

r1(config-if)#ipv6 address 3001:1:1:11::1/64

r1(config)#int loopback 2

r1(config-if)#ipv6 address 3002:1:1:11::1/64

r1(config)#int loopback 3

r1(config-if)#ipv6 address 3003:1:1:11::1/64

(2)R2初始配置:

r2(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing

r2(config)#int f0/0

r2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2012:1:1:11::2/64

r2(config)#int loopback 0

r2(config-if)#ipv6 address 2022:2:2:22::2/64

2.配置MP-BGP中的IPv6邻居

说明:所有邻居正常配置,但需要到IPv6的address-family下激活邻居。

(1)在R1上配置BGP邻居

r1(config)#router bgp 100

r1(config-router)#bgp router-id 1.1.1.1

r1(config-router)#neighbor 2012:1:1:11::2 remote-as 100

r1(config-router)#address-family ipv6                  

r1(config-router-af)#neighbor 2012:1:1:11::2 activate

r1(config-router-af)#exit

(2)在R2上配置BGP邻居

r2(config)#router bgp 100

r2(config-router)#bgp router-id 2.2.2.2

r2(config-router)#neighbor 2012:1:1:11::1 remote-as 100

r2(config-router)#address-family ipv6        

r2(config-router-af)#neighbor 2012:1:1:11::1 activate

r2(config-router-af)#exit

3.查看IPv6 BGP邻居

(1)在R1上查看IPv6 BGP邻居

r1#show bgp sum

BGP router identifier 1.1.1.1, local AS number 100

BGP table version is 1, main routing table version 1

Neighbor        V    AS MsgRcvd MsgSent   TblVer  InQ OutQ Up/Down  State/PfxRcd

2012:1:1:11::2  4   100       5       4        1    0    0 00:01:35        0

r1#

说明:由于配置正确,所以已正常建立IPv6 BGP邻居命令。命令show bgp sum为隐藏命令。

(2)在R2上查看IPv6 BGP邻居

r2#show bgp sum

BGP router identifier 2.2.2.2, local AS number 100

BGP table version is 1, main routing table version 1

Neighbor        V    AS MsgRcvd MsgSent   TblVer  InQ OutQ Up/Down  State/PfxRcd

2012:1:1:11::1  4   100       5       6        1    0    0 00:02:02        0

r2#

说明:由于配置正确,所以已正常建立IPv6 BGP邻居命令。

4.发布IPv6路由进IPv6 BGP

(1)在R1上发布路由进IPv6 BGP

r1(config)#router bgp 100

r1(config-router)#address-family ipv6

r1(config-router-af)#network 3001:1:1:11::/64

(2)在R2上发布路由进IPv6 BGP

r2(config)#router bgp 100

r2(config-router)#address-family ipv6

r2(config-router-af)#network 2022:2:2:22::/64

(3)在R1上查看IPv6 BGP路由

r1#show bgp all

For address family: IPv6 Unicast

BGP table version is 3, local router ID is 1.1.1.1

Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i – internal,

              r RIB-failure, S Stale

Origin codes: i – IGP, e – EGP, ? – incomplete

   Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path

*>i2022:2:2:22::/64 2012:1:1:11::2           0    100      0 i

*> 3001:1:1:11::/64 ::                       0         32768 i

r1#

说明:已成功学习到对方邻居发来的IPv6路由。

(4)在R2上查看IPv6 BGP路由

r2#show bgp all

For address family: IPv6 Unicast

BGP table version is 3, local router ID is 2.2.2.2

Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i – internal,

              r RIB-failure, S Stale

Origin codes: i – IGP, e – EGP, ? – incomplete

   Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path

*> 2022:2:2:22::/64 ::                       0         32768 i

*>i3001:1:1:11::/64 2012:1:1:11::1           0    100      0 i

r2#

说明:已成功学习到对方邻居发来的IPv6路由。

(5)测试网络连通性

r1#ping 2022:2:2:22::2

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 2022:2:2:22::2, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/96/208 ms

r1#

r2#ping 3001:1:1:11::1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 3001:1:1:11::1, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 24/88/200 ms

r2#

说明:由于双方路由学习正常,所以网络连通性正常。

5.重分布IPv6网段

说明:将R1上的剩余网段重分布进IPv6 BGP

(1)在R1上配置重分布剩余网段进IPv6 BGP

r1(config)#route-map con permit 10

r1(config-route-map)#match interface loopback 2

r1(config-route-map)#exit

r1(config)#route-map con permit 20   

r1(config-route-map)#match interface loopback 3

r1(config-route-map)#exit

r1(config)#router bgp 100

r1(config-router)#address-family ipv6

r1(config-router-af)#redistribute connected route-map con

(2)在R2上查看重分布进IPv6 BGP的剩余网段

r2#show bgp all      

For address family: IPv6 Unicast

BGP table version is 11, local router ID is 2.2.2.2

Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i – internal,

              r RIB-failure, S Stale

Origin codes: i – IGP, e – EGP, ? – incomplete

   Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path

*> 2022:2:2:22::/64 ::                       0         32768 i

*>i3001:1:1:11::/64 2012:1:1:11::1           0    100      0 i

*>i3002:1:1:11::/64 2012:1:1:11::1           0    100      0 ?

*>i3003:1:1:11::/64 2012:1:1:11::1           0    100      0 ?

r2#

说明:可以看到,R1上的剩余网段成功被重分布进RIPng。

6.过滤IPv6路由

说明:在R2上过滤掉IPv6路由,只留想要的网段,使用distribute-list对指定邻居进行过滤

(1)配置只留3002:1:1:11::/64网段

r2(config)#ipv6 prefix-list abc permit 3002:1:1:11::/64

r2(config)#router bgp 100

r2(config-router)#address-family ipv6

r2(config-router-af)#neighbor 2012:1:1:11::1 prefix-list abc in

(2)查看过滤后的路由表情况

r2#clear bgp ipv6 unicast *

r2#sh bgp all

For address family: IPv6 Unicast

BGP table version is 3, local router ID is 2.2.2.2

Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i – internal,

              r RIB-failure, S Stale

Origin codes: i – IGP, e – EGP, ? – incomplete

   Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path

*> 2022:2:2:22::/64 ::                       0         32768 i

*>i3002:1:1:11::/64 2012:1:1:11::1           0    100      0 ?

r2#

说明:路由表中只剩想要的网段,说明过滤成功。

7.使用链路本地地址建立IPv6 BGP邻居

说明:正常情况下,IPv6 BGP使用全局地址建立邻居,也可以配置使用链路本地地址建立邻居。

(1)在R1上配置IPv6 BGP用链路本地地址建立邻居

r1(config)#router bgp 100         

r1(config-router)#neighbor FE80::C200:DFF:FEC8:0 remote-as 100

r1(config-router)#neighbor FE80::C200:DFF:FEC8:0 update-source f0/0

r1(config-router)#address-family ipv6         

r1(config-router-af)#neighbor FE80::C200:DFF:FEC8:0 activate

r1(config-router-af)#

(2)在R2上配置IPv6 BGP用链路本地地址建立邻居

r2(config)#router bgp 100

r2(config-router)#neighbor FE80::C200:8FF:FE10:0 remote-as 100         

r2(config-router)#neighbor FE80::C200:8FF:FE10:0 update-source f0/0

r2(config-router)#address-family ipv6            

r2(config-router-af)#neighbor FE80::C200:8FF:FE10:0 activate

r2(config-router-af)#

(3)查看邻居建立情况

r1#show bgp sum

BGP router identifier 1.1.1.1, local AS number 100

BGP table version is 1, main routing table version 1

Neighbor        V    AS MsgRcvd MsgSent   TblVer  InQ OutQ Up/Down  State/PfxRcd

FE80::C200:DFF:FEC8:0

                4   100       6       7        1    0    0 00:01:30        0

r1#

r2#show bgp sum

BGP router identifier 2.2.2.2, local AS number 100

BGP table version is 1, main routing table version 1

Neighbor        V    AS MsgRcvd MsgSent   TblVer  InQ OutQ Up/Down  State/PfxRcd

FE80::C200:8FF:FE10:0

                4   100       8       7        1    0    0 00:02:20        0

r2#

说明:从结果中看出,双方IPv6 BGP已成功使用链路本地地址建立邻居

(4)查看路由学习情况

r1#sh bgp all  

For address family: IPv6 Unicast

BGP table version is 14, local router ID is 1.1.1.1

Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i – internal,

              r RIB-failure, S Stale

Origin codes: i – IGP, e – EGP, ? – incomplete

   Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path

*>i2022:2:2:22::/64 FE80::C200:DFF:FEC8:0

                                             0    100      0 i

*> 3001:1:1:11::/64 ::                       0         32768 i

*> 3002:1:1:11::/64 ::                       0         32768 ?

*> 3003:1:1:11::/64 ::                       0         32768 ?

r1#

r2#show bgp all

For address family: IPv6 Unicast

BGP table version is 6, local router ID is 2.2.2.2

Status codes: s suppressed, d damped, h history, * valid, > best, i – internal,

              r RIB-failure, S Stale

Origin codes: i – IGP, e – EGP, ? – incomplete

   Network          Next Hop            Metric LocPrf Weight Path

*> 2022:2:2:22::/64 ::                       0         32768 i

*>i3001:1:1:11::/64 FE80::C200:8FF:FE10:0

                                             0    100      0 i

*>i3002:1:1:11::/64 FE80::C200:8FF:FE10:0

                                             0    100      0 ?

*>i3003:1:1:11::/64 FE80::C200:8FF:FE10:0

                                             0    100      0 ?

r2#

说明:从结果中看出,双方IPv6 BGP已成功学习到相互的IPv6路由条目。

原创文章,作者:huangyanzhao05,如若转载,请注明出处:https://www.ipv6s.com/basis/20101002158.html

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