在Cisco路由器上配置ISISv6路由协议

在Cisco路由器上配置ISISv6路由协议

     下面我们将以Cisco路由器为例来演示如何配置IPv6下的ISIS路由协议，本次实验采用三台Router，router1.ipv6s.com与router2.ipv6s.com运行于Level 2，router2.ipv6s.com与router3.ipv6s.com运行于Level 1，每台Router上均起一个Loopback1接口，发布至ISISv6路由协议中。具体的组网图如下所示：

   

实验组网图与IPv6地址分配

    各设备的接口IPv6地址地址与接口编号请对照下图查看：

     

我们最终需要三台路由器上面所有loopback接口IPv6地址均能互通

配置思路与流程说明：

• 在每台设备上开启IPV6功能:ipv6 unicast-routing
• 在每台设备上创建ISIS进程号100:router  isis   100
• 为每台设备的ISIS进程配置唯一的net：net 10.0000.0000.0000.0001.00
• 为每台设备的ISIS进程配置所属的Level is-type  level-2
• 在相应接口下开启IPv6：ipv6 enable，并配置IPv6地址：ipv6 address  1::1/128
• 在相应的接口下使能ISISv6路由协议：ipv6 router isis 100

设备互通存在的问题：

通过上面的组网图我们可以发现：router1.ipv6s.com中的loopback接口位于Level 2中，而router3.ipv6s.com位于Level 1中，由此导致router3.ipv6s.com将无法学到router1.ipv6s.com中loopback的路由，我们从router3.ipv6s.com上将无法ping通router1.ipv6s.com上的loopback接口IPv6地址。

解决方案一：路由重分发

我们可以配置ISIS路由进程中将Level 2上的路由重分发至Level 1中，通过Prefix-list来定义loopback接口IPv6地址。

这样router3.ipv6s.com就能学到router1.ipv6s.com上的loopback接口IPv6地址，各设备之间loopback接口均能互通了。

除重分发外有很多解决方案能实现，我们就不一一列举了

router1.ipv6s.com的配置步骤：

router1.ipv6s.com con0 is now available

Press RETURN to get started.

router1.ipv6s.com>

router1.ipv6s.com>
enable

router1.ipv6s.com#
conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

router1.ipv6s.com(config)#
ipv6 unicast-routing

router1.ipv6s.com(config)#
router isis 100

router1.ipv6s.com(config-router)#
net 10.0000.0000.0000.0001.00

router1.ipv6s.com(config-router)#
is-type  level-2

router1.ipv6s.com(config-router)#
exit

router1.ipv6s.com(config)#
interface loopback1

router1.ipv6s.com(config-if)#

*Aug 18 21:39:56.047: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Loopback1, changed state to up

*Aug 18 21:39:57.047: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up

router1.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 enable

router1.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 address  1::1/128

router1.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 router isis 100

router1.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
exit

router1.ipv6s.com(config)#
interface gigabitEthernet 0/0

router1.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 enable

router1.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 address 1002::1/64

router1.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 router isis 100

router1.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
no shutdown

router1.ipv6s.com(config-if)#

*Aug 18 21:41:12.455: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to up

*Aug 18 21:41:13.455: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to up

router1.ipv6s.com(config-if)#

router2.ipv6s.com的配置步骤：

router2.ipv6s.com con0 is now available

Press RETURN to get started.

router2.ipv6s.com>

router2.ipv6s.com>
enable

router2.ipv6s.com#
config t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

router2.ipv6s.com(config)#
ipv6 unicast-routing

router2.ipv6s.com(config)#
router isis 100

router2.ipv6s.com(config-router)#
net 10.0000.0000.0000.0002.00

router2.ipv6s.com(config-router)#
exit

router2.ipv6s.com(config)#
interface loopback1

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#

*Aug 18 21:42:29.287: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 enable

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 address 2::2/128

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 router isis 100

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
exit

router2.ipv6s.com(config)#
interface gigabitEthernet  0/0

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 enable

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 address 1002::2/64

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 router isis 100

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
no shutdown

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#

*Aug 18 21:44:07.651: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to up

*Aug 18 21:44:08.651: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to up

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#

*Aug 18 21:44:10.399: %OSPFv3-5-ADJCHG: Process 100, Nbr 1.1.1.1 on GigabitEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
exit

router2.ipv6s.com(config)#
interface gigabitEthernet  1/0

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 enable

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6  address 2003::1/64

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 router isis 100

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
no shutdown

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#

*Aug 18 21:44:58.571: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface GigabitEthernet1/0, changed state to up

*Aug 18 21:44:59.571: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet1/0, changed state to up

router2.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
exit

router2.ipv6s.com(config)#

router3.ipv6s.com的配置步骤：

router3.ipv6s.com con0 is now available

Press RETURN to get started.

router3.ipv6s.com>

router3.ipv6s.com>
en

router3.ipv6s.com#
conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

router3.ipv6s.com(config)#
ipv6 unicast-routing

router3.ipv6s.com(config)#
router isis 100

router3.ipv6s.com(config-router)#
net 10.0000.0000.0000.0001.00

router3.ipv6s.com(config-router)#
is-type  level-1

router3.ipv6s.com(config-router)#
exit

router3.ipv6s.com(config)#
interface loopback1

router3.ipv6s.com(config-if)#

*Aug 18 21:46:54.855: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Loopback1, changed state to up

*Aug 18 21:46:55.855: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Loopback1, changed state to up

router3.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 enable

router3.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 address 3::3/128

router3.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 router isis 100

router3.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
exit

router3.ipv6s.com(config)#
interface gigabitEthernet  0/0

router3.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 enable

router3.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 address 2003::2/64

router3.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
ipv6 router isis 100

router3.ipv6s.com(config-if)#
no shutdown

router3.ipv6s.com(config-if)#

router3.ipv6s.com(config-if)#

*Aug 18 21:48:03.763: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to up

*Aug 18 21:48:04.763: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface GigabitEthernet0/0, changed state to up

*Aug 18 21:48:06.731: %OSPFv3-5-ADJCHG: Process 100, Nbr 2.2.2.2 on GigabitEthernet0/0 from LOADING to FULL, Loading Done

router3.ipv6s.com(config-if)#^Z

router3.ipv6s.com#

查看各设备IPv6路由表与ISIS邻居状态

所有设备之间的ISISv6路由协议已按照组网图配置完毕，我们可以在router1.ipv6s.com上查看ISISv6邻居，ISISv6路由RIB表

并查看IPv6路由表，均能学到router2.ipv6s.com与router3.ipv6s.com上面的loopback接口。

router1.ipv6s.com#
show isis neighbors

System Id      Type Interface   IP Address      State Holdtime Circuit Id

router2.ipv6sL2   Gi0/0                       UP    7        router2.ipv6bb.02

router1.ipv6s.com#
show isis ipv6 rib

IS-IS IPv6 process 100, local RIB

* 2::2/128

    via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:8/GigabitEthernet0/0, type L2  metric 20 LSP [6/9]

* 3::3/128

    via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:8/GigabitEthernet0/0, type L2  metric 30 LSP [6/9]

  1002::/64

    via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:8/GigabitEthernet0/0, type L2  metric 20 LSP [6/9]

* 2003::/64

    via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:8/GigabitEthernet0/0, type L2  metric 20 LSP [6/9]

router1.ipv6s.com#
show ipv6 route

IPv6 Routing Table – default – 7 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, U – Per-user Static route

       B – BGP, M – MIPv6, R – RIP, I1 – ISIS L1

       I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary, D – EIGRP

       EX – EIGRP external, ND – Neighbor Discovery

       O – OSPF Intra, OI – OSPF Inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

LC  1::1/128 [0/0]

     via Loopback1, receive

I2  2::2/128 [115/20]

     via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:8, GigabitEthernet0/0

I2  3::3/128 [115/30]

     via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:8, GigabitEthernet0/0

C   1002::/64 [0/0]

     via GigabitEthernet0/0, directly connected

L   1002::1/128 [0/0]

     via GigabitEthernet0/0, receive

I2  2003::/64 [115/20]

     via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:8, GigabitEthernet0/0

L   FF00::/8 [0/0]

     via Null0, receive

router1.ipv6s.com#

查看router2上面的ISISv6邻居与IPv6路由表，也均能学到router1.ipv6s.com与router3.ipv6s.com上面的loopback接口。：

router2.ipv6s.com#
show isis neighbors

System Id      Type Interface   IP Address      State Holdtime Circuit Id

router1.ipv6sL2   Gi0/0                       UP    24       router2.ipv6bb.02

router3.ipv6sL1   Gi1/0                       UP    9        router3.ipv6bb.02

router2.ipv6s.com#
show isis ipv6 rib

IS-IS IPv6 process 100, local RIB

* 1::1/128

    via FE80::C800:8FF:FE94:8/GigabitEthernet0/0, type L2  metric 20 LSP [6/8]

* 3::3/128

    via FE80::C802:8FF:FEE4:8/GigabitEthernet1/0, type L1  metric 20 LSP [9/3]

  1002::/64

    via FE80::C800:8FF:FE94:8/GigabitEthernet0/0, type L2  metric 20 LSP [6/8]

  2003::/64

    via FE80::C802:8FF:FEE4:8/GigabitEthernet1/0, type L1  metric 20 LSP [9/3]

router2.ipv6s.com#
show ipv6 route

IPv6 Routing Table – default – 8 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, U – Per-user Static route

       B – BGP, M – MIPv6, R – RIP, I1 – ISIS L1

       I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary, D – EIGRP

       EX – EIGRP external, ND – Neighbor Discovery

       O – OSPF Intra, OI – OSPF Inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

I2  1::1/128 [115/20]

     via FE80::C800:8FF:FE94:8, GigabitEthernet0/0

LC  2::2/128 [0/0]

     via Loopback1, receive

I1  3::3/128 [115/20]

     via FE80::C802:8FF:FEE4:8, GigabitEthernet1/0

C   1002::/64 [0/0]

     via GigabitEthernet0/0, directly connected

L   1002::2/128 [0/0]

     via GigabitEthernet0/0, receive

C   2003::/64 [0/0]

     via GigabitEthernet1/0, directly connected

L   2003::1/128 [0/0]

     via GigabitEthernet1/0, receive

L   FF00::/8 [0/0]

     via Null0, receive

router2.ipv6s.com#

router3无法学到router1上的loopback路由

查看router3.ipv6s.com上面的ISISv6邻居状态与IPv6路由表，发现只能学到router2.ipv6s.com上面的loopback接口IPv6地址，而router1.ipv6s.com上的loopback接口IPv6地址1::1/128无法学到。因为Level 2中的路由不会发布至Level 1中。我们下一步将配置重分发，将router1.ipv6s.com上的loopback接口IPv6地址1::1/128发布至router3.ipv6s.com的IPv6路由表中，实现所有router之间的loopback接口互通。

router3.ipv6s.com#
show isis  neighbors

System Id      Type Interface   IP Address      State Holdtime Circuit Id

router2.ipv6sL1   Gi0/0                       UP    29       router3.ipv6bb.02

router3.ipv6s.com#
show isis ipv6 rib

IS-IS IPv6 process 100, local RIB

* 2::2/128

    via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:1C/GigabitEthernet0/0, type L1  metric 20 LSP [6/4]

* 1002::/64

    via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:1C/GigabitEthernet0/0, type L1  metric 20 LSP [6/4]

  2003::/64

    via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:1C/GigabitEthernet0/0, type L1  metric 20 LSP [6/4]

router3.ipv6s.com#
show ipv6 route

IPv6 Routing Table – default – 6 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, U – Per-user Static route

       B – BGP, M – MIPv6, R – RIP, I1 – ISIS L1

       I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary, D – EIGRP

       EX – EIGRP external, ND – Neighbor Discovery

       O – OSPF Intra, OI – OSPF Inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

I1  2::2/128 [115/20]

     via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:1C, GigabitEthernet0/0

LC  3::3/128 [0/0]

     via Loopback1, receive

I1  1002::/64 [115/20]

     via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:1C, GigabitEthernet0/0

C   2003::/64 [0/0]

     via GigabitEthernet0/0, directly connected

L   2003::2/128 [0/0]

     via GigabitEthernet0/0, receive

L   FF00::/8 [0/0]

     via Null0, receive

router3.ipv6s.com#

配置ISIS路由重分发

• 配置流程：
• 配置prefix-list
• 进入ipv6 address-family
• 配置ISISv6重分发level 2至Level 1中

router2.ipv6s.com#
conf t

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

router2.ipv6s.com(config)#
ipv6 prefix-list  ipv6s permit 1::1/128

router2.ipv6s.com(config)#
router isis 100

router2.ipv6s.com(config-router)#
address-family ipv6 unicast

router2.ipv6s.com(config-router-af)#
redistribute  isis  level-2 into   level-1 distribute-list ipv6s

router2.ipv6s.com(config-router-af)#exit

router2.ipv6s.com(config-router)#^Z

router2.ipv6s.com#

配置完毕以后，我们再次查看router3.ipv6s.com上的ISISv6路由RIB表与IPv6路由表，发现已经学到了router1.ipv6s.com上的loopback接口IPv6地址，并能ping通该loopback接口：

router3.ipv6s.com#
show isis ipv6 rib

IS-IS IPv6 process 100, local RIB

* 1::1/128

    via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:1C/GigabitEthernet0/0, type IA  metric 30 LSP [6/5]

* 2::2/128

    via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:1C/GigabitEthernet0/0, type L1  metric 20 LSP [6/5]

* 1002::/64

    via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:1C/GigabitEthernet0/0, type L1  metric 20 LSP [6/5]

  2003::/64

    via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:1C/GigabitEthernet0/0, type L1  metric 20 LSP [6/5]

router3.ipv6s.com#
show ipv6 route

IPv6 Routing Table – default – 7 entries

Codes: C – Connected, L – Local, S – Static, U – Per-user Static route

       B – BGP, M – MIPv6, R – RIP, I1 – ISIS L1

       I2 – ISIS L2, IA – ISIS interarea, IS – ISIS summary, D – EIGRP

       EX – EIGRP external, ND – Neighbor Discovery

       O – OSPF Intra, OI – OSPF Inter, OE1 – OSPF ext 1, OE2 – OSPF ext 2

       ON1 – OSPF NSSA ext 1, ON2 – OSPF NSSA ext 2

IA  1::1/128 [115/30]

     via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:1C, GigabitEthernet0/0

I1  2::2/128 [115/20]

     via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:1C, GigabitEthernet0/0

LC  3::3/128 [0/0]

     via Loopback1, receive

I1  1002::/64 [115/20]

     via FE80::C801:8FF:FE94:1C, GigabitEthernet0/0

C   2003::/64 [0/0]

     via GigabitEthernet0/0, directly connected

L   2003::2/128 [0/0]

     via GigabitEthernet0/0, receive

L   FF00::/8 [0/0]

     via Null0, receive

router3.ipv6s.com#
ping ipv6 1::1

Type escape sequence to abort.

Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 1::1, timeout is 2 seconds:

!!!!!

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 412/1465/1868 ms

router3.ipv6s.com#